Polynucleotides (PDRN)

DNA fragments that trigger repair and hydration in skin.

Also known as: PDRN, Polydeoxyribonucleotide, salmon DNA, PN, nucleotide complex

What it is

Polynucleotides (PDRN) are short chains of DNA fragments, typically derived from salmon sperm or synthesized, that mimic the body's own nucleotides. They act as signaling molecules that communicate with skin cells to activate repair and regeneration pathways.

What it does

PDRN stimulates fibroblasts to increase collagen and hyaluronic acid production, enhances cellular turnover, and improves skin hydration and elasticity. It also promotes angiogenesis (new blood vessel formation) and reduces inflammation, making it effective for wound healing, texture refinement, and overall skin rejuvenation. The mechanism involves binding to adenosine receptors on cell surfaces, triggering growth factor release and tissue remodeling.

The evidence

Moderate to strong clinical evidence supports PDRN for skin hydration, collagen induction, and wound healing; most studies are in-vitro or short-term in-vivo trials. Evidence is strongest for injectable and topical formulations in aesthetic medicine; emerging evidence for oral supplementation.

Best for

Dehydrated, aging, dull, or compromised skin; post-procedure recovery; fine lines and loss of elasticity.

Pairs well with

Hyaluronic acid, peptides, growth factors, antioxidants (vitamin C, ferulic acid), retinoids, and other regenerative actives.

Use cautiously with

No major conflicts; however, use cautiously with blood thinners if injected, and avoid combining with highly irritating actives (like high-dose retinoids or strong acids) in the same formulation to minimize irritation.

Cautions

Generally well-tolerated; rare allergic reactions possible, especially in those with seafood or fish allergies if salmon-derived. Pregnancy safety not well-established; consult provider. May cause mild temporary redness or swelling at injection sites.